Aveyron is a département in southern France named after the Aveyron River.

The département is part of the current Midi-Pyrénées région. It is surrounded by the départements of Tarn, Tarn-et-Garonne, Lot, Hérault, Gard, Lozère, and Cantal.

The highest point in the département is the summit of Mailhebiau at 1469 m.